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Model Reference

The FE SETs are the finite element models of the Seat Evaluation Tool (SET)1. The average female model (FE SET 50F) is the base model, where all updates and enhancements are carried out. The average male model (FE SET 50M) is conceptually designed in the same way. However, the most recent developments of the FE SET 50F have not fully been carried over to the FE SET 50M. In the model documentation, this is specified where differences exist.

The following updates were only implemented in the FE SET 50F:

  • Remeshed torso, abdomen and lower leg foam.
  • Coordinate systems defined at the centre of gravity of all rigid bodies.
  • Duplicate coordinate systems at joints, one for each rigid part of the joint.
  • Rigid beam elements defined to visualise coordinate systems.

Model Nomenclature

The FE SET models are defined in one k-file for each sex, using the abbreviation 50F for the average female, and 50M for the average male, respectively:

  • FE-SET-50F.key
  • FE-SET-50M.key

Model identifiers

All parts, materials, and associated definitions are identified by a 6-digit identifier. Refer to the Model Data Structure page for details.

Model Design

The hard structures in the SET are represented as rigid bodies in the FE SET (e.g., vertebrae, pelvis, and skull). To ensure accurate dynamics, the mass and inertial properties of these rigid bodies were adjusted to include the effect of omitted smaller parts (screws, bolts, springs, and etcetera). These rigid bodies are joined via constraints and joint definitions. The surrounding moulded polyurethane (PUR) foam is modelled with a deformable solid mesh.

Sensors

The sensors in the SET (Head, T1, T8 and pelvis)2 are modelled using (ELEMENT_SEATBELT_ACCELEROMETER), with the base node located at the centre of the sensor assembly. The sensor assembly is visually represented by a solid cube, consisting of one rigid element that is rigidly constrained to the corresponding vertebra, see figure below.

Accelerometer of T1

References

  1. Magnus Karemyr, Tommy Pettersson, Mats Svensson, and Astrid Linder. Seat Evaluation Tools (SETs) : Development of prototype concepts of the SETs of an average female and male for low severity rear impact crash testing. Technical Report 1147A, Swedish National Road and Transport Research Institute (VTI), Traffic Safety and Traffic System, 2022. URL: https://vti.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:1709745/FULLTEXT01.pdf. ↩

  2. Astrid Linder, Mattias Hjort, and Mats Svensson. Dummy Kinematics Assessment : Evaluation of a Combined Gyro and Accelerometer Set-up. In 2023 IRCOBI Conference Proceedings :, IRCOBI conference proceedings, 230–231. International Research Council on Biomechanics of Injury (IRCOBI), 2023. URL: http://www.ircobi.org/wordpress/downloads/irc23/pdf-files/2331.pdf. ↩